What Is Female to Male and GNB Gender Reassignment Surgery (GRS)?

Female to Male and GNB GRS

FtM mastectomy top surgery requires psychiatric approval as per WPATH Standards of Care.

A non-binary person requesting a mastectomy for the purpose of body modification who is NOT undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and is NOT transitioning from female to male does not need a psychiatric evaluation as per WPATH Standards of Care.

Mastectomy categories:
  • 1) Small to medium-sized breasts β€” requires 2.5–3 hours of surgery using the extended keyhole procedure
  • 2) Skin excision procedure β€” requires 3–4 hours of surgery (medium to large-sized breasts)
  • 3) Skin excision with relocation of the nipple and areola β€” requires more than 4 hours of surgery (very large breasts)

Nipple and Areola reduction procedure is included in these prices.

The photos on this page show β€œSkin Excision Mastectomy & Relocation of Nipple & Areol”.

These procedures are always done under general anesthesia which is included in the price quotes.”.

  • Hospital stay may be one or two days.
  • The suction drain will be removed within 5-7 days.
  • Recommended recovery time and post-op care in Seoul is two weeks. Sometimes, 10 days is sufficient.
  • Skin suture removal is usually not needed, because Dr Kim uses absorbable suture material.

Costs quotations are issued on a case-by-case basis and will fall between the three major categories listed above.

  • The final result takes time to be apparent. Residual swelling around the lower portion of breast below the nipple is normal.
  • Pre-op testing to officially document you are strong and healthy and it is safe for you to have surgery is NOT included in the surgical fee.
  • You will need to get those blood tests done at the clinic 48 hours before surgery. They cost US$200.

Dr Kim explains:

"The residual swelling underneath of the peri-areolar area usually takes time before flattening, because the swelling is caused by hardening of residual fatty tissues.

If I removed all of the fatty tissue during surgery, the nipple area would shrink.

The swelling takes more than three months to disappear."